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Know the Basics of Fashion and Style from Fashion Designing Institutes in Mumbai

Posted by admin | Posted on 05-12-2010

Tags: Basics, Designing, fashion, from, Institutes, Know, Mumbai, Style

Know the Basics of Fashion and Style from Fashion Designing Institutes in Mumbai

Every one of us has a hidden or untamed desire to look fashionable no matter in what dress code we try to wear. This is because, almost every single individual on today’s date believe and have developed the concept that many a times a proper outfit can change our personalities as a whole. The smart factor attached to the dressing sense criteria also helps an individual to build confidence at any stage of his life. But there are some basic points that can make a person look more admirable than he actually is, if unless he cares to learn the underlying meaning of fashion and style. These fundamental theories and practical scenario can be best found from many reputed designing colleges in India, where fashion oriented courses are provided. The numbers are always high that are found in the queue of the pupils who have a dream to enroll their names in these recognized institutions.

There are many fashion designing institutes in Mumbai that are offering excellent learning materials to the students, who are keen to become fashion designers or even purse a designing degree from the same. Istituti Callegari Milano, Mumbai, Maharashtra is a prestigious institute in fashion designing. Basically, Callegari Milano is a widely acclaimed Italian brand expert in training the most desired professional figures in the interior designing and fashion industries. Since it was established in the year 1937, this institute is providing thorough learning materials to the students who are interested in the field of fashion designing. Accessory Collection Manager, Interior Designer – Base Course, Accessory Designer, Interior Project Designer, Designer Coordinator- Interior Design, Pattern Designer, Fashion Designer, Pattern Maker Coordinator, Fashion Garment Maker, Premier Garment Maker, Fashion Pattern Maker, Premier Project Garment Maker, Fashion Stylist, Project Stylist, Garment Maker Coordinator, Stylist Coordinator, Haute Couture Pattern Designer, Time & Method Analyst, Interior Designer are courses offered by this institute.

Meteor Institute of Digital Design Studies (MIDDS), situated at Mumbai, Maharashtra offers a fifteen month course in Advanced Diploma in Interior Design. Design and Pattern Making and Fashion Management are the two demanding courses offered by Modart International, situated at Mumbai, Maharashtra. Established in the year 1916, Premlila Vithaldas Polytechnic, situated at Mumbai, Maharashtra is continuously providing high quality teaching materials for the course Diploma in Interior Designing besides Diploma in Pharmacy and Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology. B D Somani Institute of Art and Fashion Technology, founded in Mumbai, Maharashtra in the year 1996; are well reputed for providing job oriented study materials for the courses like Diploma in Fashion Designing -Basic (1 Year), Diploma in Digital Animation, Diploma Course in Graphic Arts & Media Communications, Diploma in Digital Print Designing, Diploma in Fashion Business (Adv.) -1 Year, Diploma in Photograph, Diploma in Fashion Merchandising & Retail Management to its sincere students. These are some of the widely recognized fashion designing institutes in India.

Mr. Vikas Rathi is providing Infinite Courses, a foremost name in the arena of web sites offering umbrella solution to all education related queries.Explore fashion designing institutes in India, fashion designing institutes in Mumbai, designing colleges in India and much more.

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Best Plastic Surgery in Austin From Whgormanmd

Posted by admin | Posted on 23-11-2010

Category : Region IV

Tags: Austin, Best, from, Plastic, Surgery, Whgormanmd

Best Plastic Surgery in Austin From Whgormanmd

One of the oldest and most popular facial plastic surgeries, Rhinoplasty can change the size, shape, and general appearance of your nose, which in turn, can give your entire face an attractive new look. The goal is a natural looking nose that “fits” with the face behind it. It can be done after a damaging injury, in conjunction with a facelift to correct changes caused by aging, or by itself on those older than fifteen, simply to change a displeasing feature. Often certain breathing problems caused by internal nasal structure can also be corrected during the aesthetic surgery.
If the look of your face no longer reflects how you feel about yourself, a facelift, or rhytidectomy, can make you look younger by smoothing the loose skin on your face and neck, tightening underlying tissues, and removing excess fat. It can eradicate deep wrinkles in cheeks or a deep line running from your nose to the corners of your mouth. It can remove loose skin and wrinkles in your neck, and even the “jowly” look that comes with the loss of a well-defined jaw line. Performed on both men and women, a facelift can be combined with other procedures, like a forehead lift, eyelid surgery, nose reshaping, or skin rejuvenating treatments like chemical peels or dermabrasion.
If you can feel well rested and content, but your face doesn’t reflect it, it may be that your forehead is to blame. Sometimes called a Browlift, the surgical correction for furrowed brows and frown lines between the brows corrects the sagging or low position of the eyebrows and softens the horizontal creases that can create a worried or angry expression. The result is a more serene, relaxed appearance overall, due to a refreshing change to the upper third of the face.
Though fat is often something people want to lose in various places, fat injections or Lipostructure are often used to smooth out and contour various asymmetries and irregularities on the face and other areas of the body. Depending on the part of the body affected, this procedure is often done in an outpatient setting with only local anesthesia. If you are a good candidate for this surgery, it can give a more youthful look to your facial features without the need for more invasive surgical procedures.
If you can’t flatten your stomach with a healthy diet and regular abdominal workouts, you might be in the market for an abdominoplasty. While such lifestyle changes can improve your health, they are often no match for excess fat and loose, sagging skin that some people hold onto after losing a lot of weight or having children. A tummy tuck will firm and smooth the abdomen by removing that excess fat and skin, and may also tighten the muscles of the abdominal wall. If you want a leaner and more defined midsection than you have been able to achieve with diet or exercise, speak to Dr. Gorman about a tummy tuck. He is skilled in tummy tuck procedures from the most basic to more extended, circumferential abdominoplasty surgeries.
If you are happy with the size of your breasts but not with their firmness or the effects gravity has had on them, you could be a good candidate for a mastopexy. This procedure removes excess breast skin to raise, reshape and firm your breasts. You can also combine this procedure with breast implants to increase size while you reshape.
Sometimes large breasts can be the cause of physical discomfort like neck, shoulder and back pain, or skin rashes underneath the breast. A reduction mammaplasty is designed to reduce those discomforts and enhance the overall appearance of your breasts by removing excess breast tissue and skin, making your breasts smaller and firmer. A similar surgery can be performed on men with enlarged breast tissue (a condition called Gynecomastia). These breast reduction surgeries have some of the highest rates of patient satisfaction of any plastic surgery procedures.
Dr. William H. Gorman is a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon who has practiced medicine in Austin for more than twenty years.
After graduating with two degrees from the University of Texas at Austin, he attended Texas Tech University School of Medicine, and graduated with an M.D. degree in 1975. Dr. Gorman did his internship and his general surgery residency at the University of Texas Medical Center in San Antonio, and is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons.
He later completed his residency in Plastic and Reconstructive surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas, Texas. He returned to Austin with his family in 1983 and has since been practicing his specialty of Plastic Surgery.
Your privacy and comfort is as important to us as it is to you. We know that your decision to have surgery is one often approached with hesitation. We believe the caring and attention we provide will allow you to more comfortably access the services you need to meet your individual cosmetic goals. Sometimes it can seem that the world of medicine, particularly surgery, is somehow different from your own. Nothing could be farther from the truth at our office. Our world is your world.

Visit Us:
=========
http://www.whgormanmd.com

www.whgormanmd.com
3003 Bee Cave Road, Suite 203,Austin, TX 78746,usa
(In the Austin Surgical Hospital)
email: william.gorman@austinpsi.com
Phone: (512) 454-6733
William H. Gorman

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Straight from the Minds of Achievers!

Posted by admin | Posted on 19-11-2010

Category : Region V

Tags: Achievers, from, Minds, Straight

Straight from the Minds of Achievers!

Straight from the Minds of Achievers!

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Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio Spp. Isolated From Different Environments

Posted by admin | Posted on 06-11-2010

Category : Region II

Tags: Antimicrobial, Characterization, Different, Environments, from, Isolated, Spp., Susceptibility, Vibrio

Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio Spp. Isolated From Different Environments

INTRODUCTION

The genus Vibrio consists of Gram-negative straight or curved rods, motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Vibrios are capable of both respiratory and fermentative metabolism. O2 is a universal electron acceptor; they do not denitrify. Most species are oxidase-positive. In most ways vibrios are related to enteric bacteria, but they share some properties with pseudomonads a well. The Family Vibrionaceae is found in the “Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-negative Rods” in Bergey’s Manual (1986), on the level with the Family Enterobacteriaceae. In the revisionist taxonomy of 2001 (Bergey’s Manual), based on phylogenetic analysis, Vibrionaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae are all landed in the Gammaproteobacteria. Vibrios are distinguished from enterics by being oxidase-positive and motile by means of polar flagella. Vibrios are distinguished from pseudomonads by being fermentative as well as oxidative in their metabolism. Of the vibrios that are clinically significant to humans, Vibrio cholerae,the agent of cholera, is the most important.

Most vibrios have relatively simple growth factor requirements and will grow in synthetic media with glucose as a sole source of carbon and energy. However, since vibrios are typically marine organisms, most species require 2-3% NaCl or a sea water base for optimal growth. Vibrios vary in their nutritional versatility, but some species will grow on more than 150 different organic compounds as carbon and energy sources, occupying the same level of metabolic versatility as Pseudomonas. In liquid media vibrios are motile by polar flagella that are enclosed in a sheath continuous with the outer membrane of the cell wall. On solid media they may synthesize numerous lateral flagella which are not sheathed.

Vibrios are one of the most common organisms in surface waters of the world. They occur in both marine and freshwater habitats and in associations with aquatic animals. Some species are bioluminescent and live in mutualistic associations with fish and other marine life. Other species are pathogenic for fish, eels, and frogs, as well as other vertebrates and invertebrates. V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus are pathogens of humans. Both produce diarrhea, but in ways that are entirely different. V. parahaemolyticus is an invasive organism affecting primarily the colon; Cholerae is noninvasive, affecting the small intestine through secretion of an enterotoxin. Vibrio vulnificus is an emerging pathogen of humans. This organism causes wound infections, gastroenteritis, or a syndrome known as “primary septicemia.”

METHODOLOGY

EXPERIMENT: 1

Collection of Samples (Collins et al, 1973):

Marine Samples were collected in different locations of Rameshwaram marine region (Palk bay) at the depth of 1 – 2 m at various locations. Sewage and soil samples were collected in and around G.R.D. College campus.

EXPERIMENT:2

2.1. Bacterial Enumeration (Mary et al, 1985):

Number of culturable, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria present in water and sediment samples was determined by plating on marine agar and nutrient agar. For marine isolates, the media were prepared by the 3.5% sodium chloride (NaCl). Then the plated were incubated at appropriate time and temperature.

EXPERIMENT: 3

3.1. Isolation of vibrio spp from water and sediment samples (Mary et al, 1985):

Different selective media were used for the isolation of vibrio sp from marine source. For marine isolates, the media were prepared by the 3.5% sodium chloride (NaCl). Media used for the isolation of vibrio sp are 1. Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Sucrose Agar (with 3.5% NaCl) 2. Marine agar medium;

EXPERIMENT: 4

4.1 Identification

Microscopy: Gram-staining characteristics and cell morphologies were determined by standard methods (Gerhardt et al., 1981). Motility was observed in wet mount using microscope.

Cultural characteristics : Colony morphology of various isolates of vibrio sp were observed on Nutrient agar, Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Sucrose Agar (TCBS), Blood agar, Mac conkey agar, Mannitol salt agar and results were tabulated.

Physiological characterization: Preliminary physiological characterization such as catalase test, starch hydrolysis test, indole test, MRVP test, citrate test, oxidase test, string test, carbohydrate fermentation test (sugars used-sucrose, lactose, glucose, maltose, Mannitol) , cholera red reaction were carried out and results were tabulated.

EXPERIMENT: 5

Anti microbial susceptibility test Kirby-Bauer method

Procedure:

1. Make a suspension at an appropriate turbidity of the bacterial culture to be tested.

2. Place a sterile cotton swab in the bacterial suspension and remove the excess fluid by pressing and rotating the cotton against the inside of the tube above the fluid level. The swab is streaked in at least three directions over the surface of the Mueller-Hinton agar and TCBS agars obtain uniform growth. A final sweep is made around the rim of the agar. Be sure to streak for confluency.

3. Allow the plates to dry for five minutes.

4. Using sterile forceps, place disks containing the following antibiotics on the plate: penicillin G, ampicillin, cephalothin, erythromycin, tetracycline, methicillin, streptomycin or other appropriate antibiotic disks.

5. Incubate the plates within 15 minutes after applying the disks. The plates should be incubated soon after placing the disks since the test is standardized under conditions where diffusion of the antibiotic and bacterial growth commence at approximately the same time.

6. Following overnight incubation, measure the diameter of the zone of growth inhibition around each disk to the nearest whole mm. Examine the plates carefully for well-developed colonies within the zone of inhibition.

7. Using a standard table of antibiotic susceptibilities, determine if the strain is resistant, intermediate, or susceptible to the antibiotics tested.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Totally 35 samples were collected in different locations of marine region, garden soil, sewage water and domestic water.Vibrio bacteria are gram-negative and largely halophilic. Vibrio is rod-shaped, and can be straight or curved. They are motile organisms, using a single polar flagellum to travel. Vibrios are one of the most common organisms in surface waters of the world. They occur in both marine and freshwater habitats and in associations with aquatic animals. Some species are bioluminescent and live in mutualistic associations with fish and other marine life. These samples were processed through the commonly used procedures such as selective media (listed below), Gram’s staining, wet mount observation for motility and bio chemical tests includes catalase test, starch hydrolysis test, indole test, MRVP test, citrate test, oxidase test, string test, carbohydrate fermentation test (sugars used-sucrose, lactose, glucose, maltose, Mannitol) , cholera red reaction were carried out and results were tabulated for identification of vibrio sp from the above samples, and that can be processed, the details of the description as shown

COLONY MORPHOLOGY OF vibrio sp.

MEDIA DETAILS

Nutrient agar Moist, translucent, regular, disc shaped, 1-2mm in size, bluish tinge can be seen in transmitted light as distinctive colour

Mac Conkey agar Colorless colonies after, prolonged incubation pink colour colonies were seen. (plate:2)

Blood agar Colonies were surrounded by a zone of hemolysis

Thiosulphate citrate bile salt agar Colonies are yellow in colour due to fermentation.

Mannitol salt agar No prominent growth was observed.

The colony morphology of vibrio strains was varying during the isolation in the selective media. The colonies were very clear, moist, disc shaped, yellow and pink colonies were observed from various sources. The mother culture was sub cultured in the same media for culture maintenance. All the isolated vibrio strains were numbered for the easy identification and convenience. Gram staining reaction was recorded from heat fixed smears of vibrio culture. Motility and cell shape were determined by direct observation of wet mounts of fresh broth culture using microscopy. The chacteristics of Vibrio on TCBS medium shows that most of isolates were motile and capable of producing yellow and green pigmentation. Thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar (Difco) is a selective medium commonly used to isolate members of the genus Vibrio from estuarine environments. The high concentration of thiosulphate and citrate and the strong alkalinity of the medium largely inhibit the growth of Enterbacteriaceas. Oxbile and cholate suppress primary enterococci .Any coliform bacteria, which may grow, cannot metabolize sucrose. Only a few sucrose Protease strains can grow to from yellow, vibriod like colonies. The mixed indicator thymol blue, bromothymol blue changes its color to yellow, when acid is formed even in this strongly alkaline medium

Out of 35 different samples collected, only 17 samples were showing the presence of vibrio sp, most of the marine samples collected from various marine region shows positive results for vibrio sp, when compared to other samples such as sewage water and soil samples. And in case of domestic water sample (tap water and mineral water) shows absence of vibrio strain. Vibrios are inhabitants of aquatic environments. They occasionally infect humans, causing intestinal or extraintestinal diseases. The most prevalent diseases caused by vibrios are those that are well reported, including cholera and other forms of acute gastroenteritis. In addition, there may be many other vibrio-caused diseases that go unreported some of the virulence determinants of Vibrio spp. are well characterized.

ENUMERATION OF BACTERIAL POPULATION

The total bacterial population were observed and enumerated on the marine agar plates and nutrient agar plates. The vibrio colonies were isolated and enumerated in a TCBS medium. Both populations were counted and shown

Showing the total bacterial population and vibrio count.

S.NO LOCATION Total bacterial Population Vibrio Population

1 Marine region 108 × 105 65 × 102

2 Garden soil 142 × 106 21 × 102

3 Sewage water 161 × 106 42 × 102

4 Tap water TFTC 0

5 Mineral water TFTC 0

Physiological characteristics of vibrio sp

BIO CHEMICAL TEST NO OF

POSITIVES NO OF

NEGATIVES

OXIDASE TEST 16 1

NITRATE TEST 16 1

CATALASE TEST 8 9

INDOLE TEST 17 0

METHYL RED TEST 17 0

VOGES PROSKEUAR 5 12

STRING TEST 17 0

CHOLERA RED RXN 4 13

CITRATE TEST 7 10

STARCH HYDROLYSIS 0 17

HEAMOLYSIS 5 12

SUCROSE 15 2

MANNITOL, ACID 16 1

LACTOSE 0 17

GLUCOSE, ACID 17 0

GLUCOSE, GAS 1 16

MALTOSE 16 1

By observing the results of physiological tests, most of the tests were found to be positive for vibrio cholerae.The isolates which showed positive results for vibrio cholerae were mainly isolated from marine environment when compared to other samples such as sewage water and soil samples. Through this result we observed that Vibrios are inhabitants of aquatic environments. Marine animals can injure humans in several ways. Some animals cause injury by inducing infection. These infections result when oral bacteria are introduced in to the tissues of victims who are bitten. Bacteria present within the tissues of marine animals can cause infection when they are ingested. In addition, seawater itself contains bacteria, so that skin and soft tissue injuries exposed to seawater may become secondarily injected.

Kirby-Bauer Disk-Diffusion Method: Antibiotic Disk Susceptibilities

Most of the isolates from marine source were highly incidence of antibiotic resistance was evident against Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Carbencillin and Cefuroxime followed by Rifampin and Streptomycin over soil and sewage samples. However, antibiotic resistance was lower against Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, penicillin G, Nalidixicacid, Gentamycin Sulphafurazole, Trimethoprim, Neomycin and Amikacin. This may be due to the fact that terrestrial bacteria entering into seawater with antibiotic resistant plasmids may be responsible for the prevalence of the resistance in genes in the marine environment. However, there are few reports available on acquired antibiotic resistance against ampicillin (68%), cefuroxime (66.7%), amikacin (55%), kanamycin (58.8%) and trimethoprim (76.7%) in Sparus sarba in China. It can be presumed that anthropogenic factors (hospital effluents) might have influenced in acquiring resistance in Vibrio spp due to these antibiotics, as there are no reports available on the use of these drugs for aquaculture in India. However, the results of our present study serve as a baseline data for future research on the extent of antibiotic resistance, which may be revealed through isolation of plasmids, their transformation efficiency and conjugation experiments. Results of incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance in Vibrios may improve our knowledge on drug resistant strains and its effect on future therapy of shrimp as well as human diseases. Therefore, unscrupulous use of antibiotics against diseases should be avoided and restrictions for the use of antibiotics may be implemented by a nationwide antibiotic policy for India.

REFERENCES

1. Richard J., and Bennett N T.1993.Infections Caused by Halophilic

Marine Vibrio Bacteria. From the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Vol. 217, No. 5, 525-531

2. Colwell, R. R., and W. M. Spira. 1992. The ecology of V. cholerae, p. 107–127.

In D. Barua and W. B. Greenough III (ed.), Cholera. Plenum Medical Book

Co., New York, N.Y.

3. West, P. A., and J. V. Lee. 1982. Ecology of Vibrio spp. including V. cholerae

in natural waters of Kent, England. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 52:435–448.

4. Xu, H. S., N. C. Roberts, F. L. Singleton, R. W. Attwell, D. J. Grimes, and

R. R. Colwell. 1982. Survival and viability of nonculturable Escherichia coli

and Vibrio cholerae in the estuarine and marine environment. Microb. Ecol.

8:313–323.

5. Baumann, P., and R. H. W. Schubert. 1984. Family II. Vibrionaceae, p.

516–550. In N. R. Krieg and J. G. Holt (ed.), Bergey’s manual of systematic

Bacteriology, vol. 1. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Md.

6. Farmer, J. J., III, F. W. Hickman-Brenner, and M. T. Kelly. 1985. Vibrio, p.

282–301. In E. H. Lennette, A. Balows, W. J. Hausler, and H. J. Shadomy

(ed.), Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th ed. American Society for Microbiology,

Washington, D.C.

7. Kay, B. A., C. A. Bopp, and J. G. Wells. 1994. Isolation and identification of

Vibrio cholerae O1 from fecal specimens, p. 3–20. In I. K. Wachsmuth, P. A.

Blake, and O. Olsvik (ed.), Vibrio cholerae and cholera: molecular to global

perspectives. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.

8. West, P. A., and R. R. Colwell. 1983. Identification and classification of

Vibrionaceae–-an overview, p. 285–341. In R. R. Colwell and M. B. Hatem

(ed.), Vibrios in the environment. John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y.

9. Chun, J., A. Huq, and R. R. Colwell. 1999. Analysis of 16S-23S rRNA

intergenic spacer regions of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus. Appl. Environ.

Microbiol. 65:2202–2208

10. Nandi, B., R. K. Nandy, S. Mukhopadhyay, G. B. Nair, T. Shimada, and A. C.

Ghose. 2000. Rapid method for species-specific identification of Vibrio cholerae

using primers targeted to the gene of outer membrane protein W. J.

Clin. Microbiol. 38:4145–4151.

11.Gabriella caldini, Angela neri, Stefania cresti, Vieri boddi,

Gian maria rossolini, and Eudes lanciotti high prevalence of vibrio cholerae non-o1 carrying heat-stable enterotoxin-encoding genes among vibrio isolates from a temperate-climate river basin of central Italy. Applied and environmental microbiology July 1997, Vol. 63, No. 7 p. 2934–2939

12. Abbott, S.L., Cheung, W.W.K.W. and Janda, J.M. (1993) Evaluation of a new

selective agar, thiosulfate-chloride-iodide (TCI), for the growth of pathogenic

Vibrio species. Medical Microbiology Letters 2, 362–370.

13 .Morris, G.K. (1982) Media for Vibrio species. In Quality Assurance and Quality Control of Microbiological Culture Media ed. Corry, J.E.L. and Verlay, G.I.T. pp. 169–174. Germany: Darmstadt.

14. Oliver, J.D. (2003) Culture media for the isolation and enumeration of pathogenic

Vibrio species in foods and environmental samples. In Culture Media for Food

Microbiology, 2nd Edn eds Corry, J.E., Curtis, G.D.W. and Baird, R.M.

Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, in press.

15. Ferguson, G. E., C. W. Lingham, S. K. Love, and R. 0. Vernon. 1947. Springs of Florida, p. 196. Fla. Geol. Bull. no. 31. E. 0. Printing Co., DeLand, Fla.

16. Lee, J. S. 1973. What seafood processors should know about Vibrio parahemolyticus. J. Milk Food Technol. 36:405-408.

17.Gopal, S, SK Otta, I Karunasagar, M Nishibuchi, and I Karunasagar. “The occurrence of Vibrio species in tropical shrimp culture environments; implications for food safety.” International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2005 Jul 15;102(2):151-9.

18.Graf, J. “The Light-Organ Symbiosis of Vibrio fischeri and the Hawaiian Squid, Euprymna scolopes.” February 2005. Accessed 8 July 2005.

19.Ho, Hoi. “Vibrio infections.” eMedicine. 22 May 2005. Accessed 8 July 2005.

20.Oliver, JD. “Wound infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus and other marine bacteria.” Epidemiology and infection. 2005 Jun;133(3):383-91.

21.Sarkar, M, S Das, A Bandyopadhaya, K Ray, and K Chaudhuri. “Upregulation of human mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 in intestinal epithelial cells is modulated by Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis.” FEBS letters. 2005 Jun 20;579(16):3449-60.

22.Senoh, Mistutoshi, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, Keinosuke Okamoto, Belen Fouz, Carmen Amaro, and Sumio Shinoda. “The Cytotoxin-Hemolysin Genes of Human and Eel Pathogenic Vibrio vulificus Strains: Comparison of Nucelotide Sequences and Application to the Genetic Grouping. Microbiology and immunology. 2005;49(6):513-9.

23.Gerhard,P.,R.G.E.Murray,R.N.Costilow,E.W.Nester,W.A.Wood,N.R.Krieg,andG.B.phillips.1981.Manual of method for generalbacteriology.American SOCIETY FOR microbiology, Washington, D.C.

24. Mary. L. G and rita r. colwell, Enumeration, isolation and characterization of N2 fixing bacteria from sea water. Department of microbiology, University of Maryland. Vol 50 no .2. 1985

Other References

1.Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.

2.Fix, Douglas F. “Vibrio.” Accessed 8 July 2005.

3.Todar, Kenneth. Todar’s Online Textbook of Bacteriology. 2005. Accessed 8 July 2005.

4.Vibrio fischeri Genome Project. 19 September 2002. Accessed 8 July 2005.

5.http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Vibrio

6.Center for Disease Control. 1973. Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 22:231-232.

Do You Shy Away From Visiting Your Phoenix Family Dentist Despite Having A Toothache?

Posted by admin | Posted on 30-10-2010

Category : Other Students

Tags: Away, Dentist, Despite, Family, from, Having, Phoenix, Toothache, Visiting

Do You Shy Away From Visiting Your Phoenix Family Dentist Despite Having A Toothache?

Whether you’ve just moved into the area or you merely have not been to a dentist in a really long time, you want to make certain that you will be taking your time to find the very best possible Phoenix Family Dentist. Some individuals will go ahead and visit anybody that they can discover within the region, but this is not usually the wisest option.

You will want to make certain that you will be with someone who is well qualified and uses the finest practices when it comes to your teeth. Believe it or not, there are some out there who care nothing for your teeth or your well being as they are simply inside the business for the money. Those are the ones that you will want to avoid at any cost. A cheap price is not worth putting your quality of life on the line for.

One of the items to check when picking a Family Dentist is whether or not they are a full service dental office. In addition to regular checkups and routine fillings, are they able to do specialized work like root canals, implants, and dentures, just to name a few. Are you able to have an assortment of work done, or are you going to have to go somewhere else to get specialized treatment? Surely, one Phoenix Family Dentist is going to be able to cover every single thing, but you want to be able to see someone you trust, and not one you have to seek out to be outsourced every time you have a problem.

For patients with a more severe fear of dentists or those receiving a painful procedure, sedation can be used. To keep you calm during the visit, laughing gas or a sedative may be used by your dentists. Phoenix Family Dentists usually administer a local anesthesia at the same time to fill cavities and put crowns on the teeth without causing you unnecessary pain. Though these medications reduce anxiety and pain, they allow you to remain conscious to communicate with your dentist.

Having a friend accompany you can also make you feel safer, since you can hold their hand and rely on them to communicate your wishes to the dentist if sedation is used. In some complex cases, general anesthesia can be used so the patient is unconscious while the procedure is completed. However, this method is more extreme and not every Phoenix Family Dentist is authorized to use it.

Think about the location of the clinic. Is it going to be easily accessible to you? Make sure the Phoenix Family Dentist has clinic hours convenient to you and ensure they have someone who is available in case you have an emergency. Check into their procedures, how much they stay in touch with new technology and developments, and their ideas about preventive dentistry .

All of these things can help you to find the Phoenix Family Dentist who will meet your oral care needs.

Another important thing about choosing the right Phoenix Family Dentist is the comfort you feel when coming into the clinic for services and how you are being treated as a person and not a financial source. They should speak to you in a language you understand and answer all of your questions straight, even if the news they bring may not be great. It is just better if a doctor and nursing staff is up front with you and is able to give you options that are practical. Many people who have had bad experiences in the past with dentists don’t go in for routine check ups and wait until their teeth are so bad that they can’t be saved. So in order to find a quality Phoenix Family Dentist, make sure you ask as many questions as possible so you know exactly what to expect and, thus, quell any unfounded fears and concerns you may have.

PTU to have online exams from next academic year

Posted by admin | Posted on 28-10-2010

Category : Pharmacy Students

Tags: Academic, exams, from, Next, Online, Year

PTU to have online exams from next academic year

Punjab Technical University (PTU) is planning to conduct its examinations on-line from the next academic year.

Talking to The Pioneer at Cordia Institute of Business Management at Khamanon on Saturday, Dr Nachhatar Singh, registrar of the University said that there were around 3.75 lakh students of the University and conducting examination of them required man power at a large scale. Besides this, process also consumed lot of time, he said, adding that the on-line examination would enable the university to announce the results without any delay.

Replying to the question regarding the poor image of the University in academic fields, the registrar said that the basic reason if it was the unplanned expansion under which 288 study centres were granted to facilitate the students enrolled. Besides, the University had not required staff to deal with the academic affairs so now the academic staff was being recruited to bring the university back on its lines before the beginning of the coming academic year, informed the registrar.

Nachhatrar Singh said that now the target of the university was to quality education not the quantity of students. He disclosed that they had written to the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) not to allow opening of the new technical colleges. It is worth mentioning here that during the recent past 45 per cent seats in Engineering courses, 25 per cent in management institutes and 75 per cent seats in Pharmacy colleges remained vacant so there was no logic to open other such institutes.

He further said that it was the need of the hour to change the present syllabus to meet with the changing requirement of the industrial world so the university had involved the CII to develop the syllabus of the courses.

The Registrar admitted that most of the study centres were not able to facilitate the students by providing them good academic environment. He informed that the University was considering a proposal under which the study centres would have to conduct classes on specific days and organise personal contact programmes also.

He said that at the time of grating extensions, the University would also ensure the location of such centres at appropriate places.

Nachhatar Singh said that instead of much focusing on the high profile courses the University was going to develop courses for self employment.

The Benefits Of Creating A Residual Income From Home

Posted by admin | Posted on 16-10-2010

Category : Region V

Tags: Benefits, Creating, from, Home, Income, Residual

The Benefits Of Creating A Residual Income From Home

Many people decided to pursue an additional source of income on a home based business in the Health and Wellness industry. They will learn about the best win-win opportunity to create a financial security for themselves and their families which is something vital in this time of era. This kind of professional career and business is taking off because they offer the following benefits:

1 Financial Freedom
It offers you another stream of income flowing into your life on an ongoing basis so that you can fulfill your desires such as having a new home or car, holidays and travel, children’s education, caring for aged parents, quality retirement, etc.

2 Time Freedom
Time to spend as you wish instead of working at a job or running a business from dawn till dusk for the best years of your life.

3 Good Health
Have vitality, good health and well-being.

If just one of the above components is missing, it will impact the quality of your life. For example, if you have plenty of time and money but poor health, you can’t enjoy life to its fullest. If you don’t have enough savings to go through your retirement, you may be prevented from being able to have and to do certain things in life.

Think about it. Can Life Be Better? What will you be doing differently today if time and money are of no object?

The Wealth Crisis
According to the latest statistics, the average Australian will be in retirement for at least 25 years. Yet, only 5% will be financially independent by age 65. The remaining 95% will be deceased, still working part-time to make ends meet or broke on the pension.

Fact: You will either be among the top 5% or the remaining 95%.

Many people are ill-prepared for retirement. Most underestimate the amount of savings they require to live comfortably in their golden years. As life expectancies continue to improve, and costs continue to rise, there is a real concern that the superannuation nest-egg alone will not be sufficient for most, in their old age, to maintain the lifestyle they are accustomed to.

There is a saying that by the time you can have your superannuation fund, its purchasing power has been reduced by inflation to about 20% of what you can buy today.

The solution is not to save more (although that’s a good piece of advice), but to earn multiple streams of income.

There are smarter ways to earn:
1. Leverage Your Income
There are many ways to earn money. You can work alone, or you can work with others as a team helping each other. Straight salary is linear income. It does not matter whether you are a doctor, dentist, lawyer, accountant, engineer, teacher, or whatever you get paid by the hour for only when you work. No work, no pay.

Worse still, nowadays, more and more high paying jobs will be performance-based. This means bonus which consists of a fair portion of the total remuneration is only payable if what you agreed to deliver has been delivered on time, not how many hours you spend on the job. As a result, long hours and stress are quite common.

Professionals and employees trade their own time and effort for money. But there is a limit to how much wealth one can accumulate this way.

The best way is to earn residual income which is income that keeps flowing to you even when you are not working like copyrights created by authors, pop artists and successful network marketers.

Most multi-millionaires use leveraging in one form or another to generate wealth. They understand that the combined time and effort of many people always offer a much bigger income potential than what one can earn alone.

2. Create A Residual Income Stream
Workers get paid each hour, each fortnight, or each month that they provide a service.

Smart people continue to earn into the future, based in part on initial efforts. This residual value gives them not only the money, but the time freedom to enjoy it too.

Despite prejudices and misinformation, the Health and Wellness network marketing industry has grown to over USD 100 billion in revenue. The ageing of baby boomers; X and Y Generation who place more emphasis on balanced lifestyle/family than that of their parents will lead to a boom in the health and wellness industry.

The so-called “baby boomer” generation is now in their forties to sixties. Many are at the height of their earning and spending power. They make up about one-third of the population and account for about two-thirds of spending. Thus, knowing which industries the baby boomers are supporting is a key to financial success.

Two of the most powerful economic trends of today are:
1)Health & Nutrition
Health and nutrition is one of the biggest economic trends of our time. According to Money Magazines, the nutrition industry is the mother of all trends.

“When I look forward to the year 2010, I see a clear one trillion dollar business just in the growth of the existing products and services in the wellness industry” Paul Zane Pilzer, World-renowned economist and trend-forecaster

Why is health & nutrition set for explosive growth?

People are more aware of the role supplementation plays in optimizing long-term health. Hence the number of people seeking quality products to maintain good health is growing rapidly.

2)Network/Relationship Marketing
Relationship marketing is growing in prominence. It is a degree level subject taught at some of the most reputable universities in the world today including Harvard University and the University of Southern California.

Two highly respected professionals, Dr Charles King and James Robinson have co-authored a book “The New Professionals and The Rise of Network Marketing as the Next Major Profession”, which provides valuable insights to this industry. Dr King is a Professor of Marketing at the University of Illinois and Mr. Robinson is former Senior Vice-President of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.

Why is Network Marketing set for explosive growth?

More and more companies are now turning to network marketing as a mean of distributing their products as advertising and traditional distribution channels are getting more expensive. The more effective marketing system to retain loyal customers is through relationship marketing. However, companies can’t do this by themselves. If they can do it, they don;t need you. Therefore, they need you to distribute their products through relationship network marketing.

A good network marketing company can provide ordinary people a legitimate home-based business that builds income with excellent leverage and residual value. The smart ones are joining companies in the Health and Nutrition industry, and the even smarter ones are joining the best companies in the Health and Nutrition industry’s companies that have good reputation in their products and are likely to be around for a long, long time. Some companies allow you to pass the legacy of your business to your benefactors.

Here are some points to consider on how to choose a good network marketing company:

1 A Company That Has An Unquestioned Devotion to Quality
At the end of the day, you get pay commissions only when sales are made. Thus, you would only want to get in a company that offers products which are formulated and manufactured to standards that exceed many nutritional products on the market and they work. Repeat sales is what give you leverage. So, you want your customers to buy the products month in month out and that only happen if the products work. Better still you see whether many doctors, health professionals and world class athletes that can trust their health to the products.

2 The company’s forward growth potential
What is the company’s strategic growth plan and its policies? It pays to join a company that pays you on sales volume generated worldwide in a single, seamless commission plan so that when different countries open, and others to come on-stream, it offers you to build business internationally.

3 A Global family that cares
Nowadays, people are drawn to a company’s dedication to a worthy cause and not just making profits for the stakeholders. Many such companies are contributing to charities.

4 A Pay Plan that builds real residual income
Many network marketing opportunities pay a lot to the fortunate few at the top of the hierarchy, and set high demands that the average person has little chance of attaining. Make sure to find the one that has the ‘best match’ for you that you can attain.

5 An enviable record of financial strength
Choose a company that will be there for many years to come knowing that the company has the resources to pay you true residual income. Otherwise all your hard work will go down the drain.

Health is Wealth

Nutritional supplement company provides your body with the nutrients required for optimum health.

Health is wealth to the sick. Thus, the cost of the products is insignificant when compared to the benefits it generally provides, including the following:

1. Improved health and well-being

2. Counteracting free-radicals in your body

3. Provide possible relief from an existing problem

4. Cash savings as you no longer need to consume other nutritional products and possibility reduce medications

5. Ability to work and earn an income more efficiently due to improved health and well-being.

Money is Wealth

The company provides you with an opportunity to become financially secure. All you need to do is introduce others to the company’s products.

With some initiative and effort you can generate an income stream to supplement or replace your salary from full-time employment. As the alternate health industry is growing rapidly, this means more and more people are taking preventative measures to protect their health.

In summary, you can’t lose even if you are not interested in a work at home business in a relationship marketing in the health industry. At worst, you will improve your own health and that of your loved ones. At best case scenario is that you will improve your own health and that of your loved ones and generate another stream of income for yourself while spreading health and wealth to others.

Wisconsin Cuts $600 Million From Medicaid Budget, Still Faces Deficit

Posted by admin | Posted on 13-10-2010

Category : Region III

Tags: $600, Budget, Cuts, Deficit, Faces, from, Medicaid, million, Still, Wisconsin

Wisconsin Cuts 0 Million From Medicaid Budget, Still Faces Deficit

The top Wisconsin health official said Thursday that the state is “on track to cut more than 0 million from Medicaid, but even with those reductions, high demand from the poor for insurance benefits could result in up to a 0 million shortfall.”

Karen Timberlake, secretary of the Department of Health Services, said the 66 areas targeted for cuts include delaying payments into the budget next year, increasing generic drug usage, reducing rural hospital reimbursement payments and rebidding contracts for state health care programs. At the same time, the state expects a 0 million budget shortfall because of increasing demand under the state children’s insurance program, BadgerCare Plus (Bauer, 12/17).

The jobs bill passed by Congress this week could help provide up to 0 million during 2011 and 2012 for Wisconsin’s Medicaid program, the Wisconsin State Journal reports. “The Legislature’s non-partisan budget office said earlier this week that the BadgerCare Plus Medicaid program had 700,000 participants as of Nov. 30, which is far above the average 638,000 expected for the year” (Stein, 12/17).

Washington is getting federal “bonus” money to help its health care program for low-income children. “On Thursday, officials announced that Washington was among nine states getting extra federal money for meeting performance goals. Washington’s cut is .5 million,” The Associated Press/Seattle Post-Intelligencer reports (12/17).

California’s state insurance program for the children of the working poor was granted a reprieve by federal authorities, who are considering whether to allow a funding mechanism that helps cover the costs of 700,000 children in the program, the Los Angeles Times reports. “That will allow the state’s Healthy Families program to continue operating under a plan adopted by the Legislature in September and signed into law by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. The 6-million plan included raising about 0 million with a 2.35% tax on health insurance firms serving the poor, a scheme that federal officials had said might not meet regulatory muster” (Bailey, 12/18).

In other Medicaid news, New York authorities say they’ve settled Medicaid fraud claims “against three home health agencies accused of using hundreds of aides without required training to provide care for elderly, frail and indigent New Yorkers,” The Associated Press reports in a separate story. The agencies will return million to Medicaid (12/17).

Finally, in Pennsylvania, the Secret Service Thursday began helping an investigation into the “alleged theft of patient records from the University of Pennsylvania Health System” where records were used to create credit card accounts that ran up about ,000 in charges, the Philadelphia Daily News reports. “A spokeswoman for the health system said yesterday that 18 medical records had been compromised but that all the victims had been notified and had been offered help repairing their credit issues.” A suspect has been arrested in the case (Campisi, 12/18).

Notes From the Opt-out Universe

Posted by admin | Posted on 03-10-2010

Category : Region I

Tags: from, Notes, Optout, Universe

Notes From the Opt-out Universe

As a twelve-year veteran of the suburban â€œopt-outâ€ culture, I am intrigued by the renewed and misguided discourse on the social dynamics of the insular universe I inhabit. I see the points that are being made. In record numbers, we are getting off the career freeway that was paved by our feminist foremothers, and taking exits that lead us back to marriage and motherhood, financial dependence, cookies and gardening. It does seem strange when viewed from the outside.

On the other hand, having made this choice myself over a decade ago, I am perplexed by the incomprehension that the discourse now reflects.

What Betty Friedan did so brilliantly over forty years ago in her groundbreaking work, The Feminine Mystique, was to describe the cultural coercion that led women to believe they were destined to be housewives. It is precisely because of her work that I have never felt the weight of such antiquated expectations. What did, in fact, drive me to abandon my career as a lawyer were societal forces that have been given surprisingly little attention in the recent â€œopt-outâ€ conversation. The reason for this may very well be that what underlies these forces is as sexy as tree bark. Economics.

Suburban Connecticut is outrageously wealthy. The average price of a home in Greenwich is over .6 million. Enough said. The jobs that create this wealth simply do not support the two-job models that have been posited as a solution to the â€œopt-outâ€ crisis. To the contrary, obtaining this echelon of wealth requires a level of commitment that stretches people to their human limits, and necessitates the complete abdication of family responsibilities to others.

It is not surprising that no matter where they begin, the families that are shaped around these jobs gravitate towards a complete division of labor â€“ the moneymaker and the caretaker â€“ and become part of a highly specialized economy that makes the two-job model not only impractical, but verging on aberrant. Husbands are unavailable. Houses are enormous. And schools are constructed around the presumption that a parent will be available at all times. Add to this the exorbitant income of the primary moneymaker that makes a second income inconsequential, and the scale is tipped right off its hinges in favor of the one-job family.

There are two truths at work here. First, is the fact that these jobs will never change. Driven by the heart and soul of capitalism, they are the jobs of the wolves. And while token efforts are made to accommodate families, there will always be someone willing to make more sacrifices.

The second truth is that we are nowhere near the kind of social upheaval necessary for men and women to swap their roles within these families. This is what remains of the traditionalist gender expectations Friedan wrote about, and indeed not even the most stringent back-to-work advocates suggests this as a viable solution. After three years working as a wolf myself, first as a banker and then as a lawyer, I saw first hand that for a woman to pursue these jobs and have a family, she would have to find not only a husband, but a wife as well.

As I read the back-to-work literature now, it seems my life is a case study in the pitfalls of â€œopting-out.â€ Leslie Bennetts in The Feminine Mistake, sets them out quite hardily. I lost my financial independence, watched my self-esteem deteriorate. And I fell readily into the trap of being the perfect mommy â€“ making organic baby food and obsessively organizing my kitchen drawers. But the time I spent with my children was profoundly important to me. Given our family structure and the world we lived in, the choice was the right one. For all the things I gave up, I would not rewrite my own history. There are no easy answers here.

Still, I am grateful to be leaving the â€œopt-outâ€ universe for a career as a writer that is both family friendly and hugely rewarding. It is ironic that the years I spent in that universe led me to become a writer, and gave me something important to write about. I have great empathy for my peers who struggle with the consequences of an impossible decision. And I consider myself lucky that I have found a way around them. The cages that hold us may be gilded, but they are still cages. And the forces we are up against are nothing less than those at the very core of our culture.

Get Phd Courses from UGC Singhania University

Posted by admin | Posted on 29-09-2010

Category : Pharmacy Students

Tags: Courses, from, Singhania, University

Get Phd Courses from UGC Singhania University

Indian education system is one of the prominent education systems across the globe, houses number of schools, colleges and universities. Over the past few years India education has got remarkable position in the world by offering quality education in all major discipline. Ranging from engineering, to medical, management to pharma, commerce to arts in all fields Indian education system has gain en excellence in providing all types of education information and studies as per the latest trends of business and corporate world. Students not only from different the cities of the nation but also from different section of the world visit to India for pursuing their higher education.

Indian colleges and universities have gain excellence in offering all types of education in different level at bachelors, masters and doctoral level. Indian education system can take pride in the fact that India is fast becoming one of the reputed education centers of the world. In order to be a developing, strong and self reliant nation, India education makes industry more strong and boost where initiative actions in the field of education can be brought back to the different sections of the nation to be productive citizens of the nation. There are still some sections in India that remarked under uneducated or weaker section of the society, Indian government is in process where it takes major positive and initiative steps to develop that areas and sections by providing financial and education aids.

In India, student will find number of universities that have got UGC recognition with awesome study environment, diverse degree programs, latest course content, experienced faculties that offer quality education at international standard. Among the huge list Singhania University is one of the reputed universities of India located in the state of Rajasthan. This university is also known by singhania university ugc that offer wide variety of degree programs including B.Tech, pharmacy, humanities, M.Phil, MCA, MBA, M.Tech, mass communication, medical, information technology, tourism and hotel management, life science, and many more. It welcomes students from different levels like bachelors, masters and doctoral level. Singhania University is one of the well known universities, recognized by University Grants Commission under the act of 1956 section 2F of the UGC.

Singhania University is famous its four major faculties – health sciences, management, engineering and bio-technology. It comprises modern, professional and modular education system with its unique features and facilities including internship and recruitment programs of international standard. Admission criteria generally involve four sections filling admission form, entrance exams, group interview and finally personal interview. Singhania university phd is famous for its research and development comprises various types of thesis of international level where students from all over the world visit here to get their research and development process during their phd programs. Therefore, it is very easy for A grade students who are seeking top grade colleges and universities for their higher education to get admission in Singhania university that brings students with different and new ideas, skills and talent that helps in their career prospects and bright future.

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